Improving Critical Thinking Skills through the Video-Assisted Problem Solving Method in Elementary School Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56480/jln.v6i2.3Keywords:
Critical Thinking, Video Media, Problem SolvingAbstract
This study aims to (1) describe the application of the Problem Solving method assisted by video media, and (2) improve the of critical thinking skills of grade V elementary school students through the Problem Solving method assisted by video media. The method uses Classroom Action Research (PTK) for two cycles. The subjects of the study were 29 students in grade V of SD Negeri Tambak Wedi 508 Surabaya. Data was collected through observation and test techniques. Quantitative data from observations and tests were analyzed descriptively by calculating the average score and percentage improvement. The results of the study showed an improvement in the quality of method application, especially in the problem formulation and hypothesis submission phases, after scaffolding in the form of structured worksheets and guiding questions. Significant improvements also occurred in students' critical thinking skills. In Cycle I, the majority of students (59%) were in the Sufficient category and 34% in the Need for Guidance category. After the improvement in Cycle II, there was a drastic change, where 59% of students moved up to the Good category and there were no more students in the Need for Guidance category. Observations show. Thus, the Problem Solving method assisted by video media can improve the critical thinking skills of grade V elementary school students. The success of its implementation depends on the proper scaffolding planning and the creation of a supportive learning climate. This study recommends using a similar approach to develop higher-level thinking skills in elementary school students.
References
Angela, L., Handican, R., & Casanova, A. (2025). Linking belief to thought: a structural equation modeling analysis of self-efficacy and critical thinking among Indonesian pre-service teacher. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 393-410.
Arends, R., & Kilcher, A. (2010). Teaching for student learning. New York: Routledge.
Arikunto, S. (2010). Prosedur penelitian suatu pendekatan praktek. (No Title).
Arikunto, S. (2021). Penelitian tindakan kelas: Edisi revisi. Bumi Aksara.
Azahrah, A. S., Khaeroni, K., & Rachmiati, W. (2025). Model Problem Based Learning Berbasis Video Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Elementary: Jurnal Iilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 11(1), 1-15.
Brown, K. (2018). Education, culture and critical thinking. Routledge.
Dewi, K. C., & Agustika, G. N. S. (2022). Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa Kelas V SD Melalui Pemanaatan Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Kontekstual. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Profesi Guru, 5(2), 229-243.
Ennis, R. H. (2018). Critical thinking across the curriculum: A vision. Topoi, 37(1), 165-184.
Erianti, N., Afiani, K. D. A., & Putra, D. A. (2023). Pengembangan Media Game Data Master Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Untuk Siswa Kelas V Sd. Pendas: Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 8(3), 5423-5434.
Facione, P. A. (2011). Critical thinking: What it is and why it counts. Insight assessment, 1(1), 1-23.
Faidah, L. N. (2024). Peningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa pada Materi Aritmatika Sosial dengan Pembelajaran Berbasis Video. Buletin Edukasi Indonesia, 3(02), 70-79.
Fatima, E., Setiadi, D., & Ilhamdi, M. L. (2024). Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Video Terhadap Kemampuan Computational Thinking Siswa. Journal of Classroom Action Research, 6(4), 807-813.
Fauzi, Y. N., Irawati, R., & Aeni, A. N. (2022). Model pembelajaran flipped classroom dengan media video untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, 8(4), 1537-1549.
Hasan, Muhammad, Milawati Milawati, Darodjat Darodjat, Tuti Khairani Harahap, Tasdin Tahrim, Ahmad Mufit Anwari, Azwar Rahmat, Masdiana Masdiana, and I. Indra. "Media pembelajaran." (2021).
Iswanda, V. (2025). Analisis Kemampuan Bernalar Matematika Siswa Sekolah Dasar Pada Soal Cerita Materi Bangun Datar. Jurnal Pendidikan UNIGA, 19(1), 63-72.
Maesari, C., Marta, R., & Yusnira, Y. (2020). Penerapan model pembelajaran problem solving untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling, 2(1), 12-20.
Mayer, R. E. (2022). The future of multimedia learning. The Journal of Applied Instructional Design, 11(4), 69-77.
McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The action research planner: Doing critical participatory action research. Springer.
Muamalah, R. F., Putra, D. A., & Faradita, M. N. (2023). Penerapan Aplikasi Game Quizziz untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika. Journal on Education, 5(3), 7084-7095.
O'Donnell, A. M., Dobozy, E., Nagel, M. C., Bartlett, B., Smala, S., Wormald, C., ... & Smith, J. K. (2024). Educational psychology. John Wiley & Sons.
Pamungkas, W. A. D., & Koeswanti, H. D. (2021). Penggunaan media pembelajaran video terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Profesi Guru, 4(3), 346-354.
Rahmatia, R., Uloli, R., & Odja, A. H. (2024). Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Video Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa. Jurnal Jendela Pendidikan, 4(01), 58-65.
Ratnasari, E., Syahmani, S., & Hafizah, E. (2022). Pengembangan Media Articulate Storyline Berbasis Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SMP pada Materi Tekanan Zat. Indonesian Journal of Science Education and Applied Science, 2(1), 34-46.
Sae, H., & Radia, E. H. (2023). Media video animasi dalam pembelajaran IPA untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SD. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 2(2), 65-73.
Slavin, R. E. (2014). Educational psychology: Theory and practice. Pearson Higher Ed.
Suantiani, N. M. A., & Wiarta, I. W. (2022). Video Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Kontekstual Pada Muatan Matematika. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 6(1), 64-71.
Sugiono. (2016). Metode penelitian kunatitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta, Bandung.
Suharta, I. G. P. (2016). Kemampuan siswa sekolah dasar dalam pemecahan masalah matematika real. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 49(3), 137-147.
Suliyati, S., Prastowo, S. B., & Sutomo, M. (2023). Pengembangan Video Animasi dengan Pendekatan Problem-Solving untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SD dalam Pembelajaran IPA. Jurnal Paedagogy, 10(4), 1146-1155.
Utemov, V. V., Ribakova, L. A., Kalugina, O. A., Slepneva, E. V., Zakharova, V. L., Belyalova, A. M., & Platonova, R. I. (2020). Solving Math Problems through the Principles of Scientific Creativity. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(10).
Wardana, M. Y. S., & Damayani, A. T. (2017). Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Pecahan di Sekolah Dasar. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 6(3), 451-462.
Widianingsih, D., Widyaningtius, N. T., Melinda, R. U., Supriyadi, S., & Hermawan, J. S. (2024). Efektivitas Video Animasi terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(11), 13089-13094.
Wininger, S. R., Redifer, J. L., Norman, A. D., & Ryle, M. K. (2019). Prevalence of learning styles in educational psychology and introduction to education textbooks: A content analysis. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 18(3), 221-243.
Yusuf, M. (2023). Inovasi pendidikan abad-21: Perspektif, tantangan, dan praktik terkini. Selat Media.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Hidayah, Deni Adi Putra, Ishmatun Naila (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
